Miscellaneous Uses

The list of other areas where botulinum toxin is used grows on almost a daily basis. The following list is not therefore likely to be comprehensive. Many of these uses are in highly specialised areas and may require unusual levels of expertise and equipment. Some of those uses described are not necessarily successful or practical. However, other uses so far described include:

• Writers cramp, repetitive strain, and other related conditions
• Treatment of narrowing of the lower end of the oesophegus
• Rare conditions affecting the larynx
• Anal spasm
• Treatment of urinary retention secondary to neurological disorders
• Vaginal spasm
• Tourette syndrome
• Intractable Angina
• Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
• Atypical facial pain
• Chronic nasal congestion